Here are the main principles:

1. Silence

• Absolute Silence: The most critical aspect of omertà is the unwavering commitment to silence regarding any knowledge of criminal activities. This silence must be maintained even under threat or coercion by authorities.
• No Cooperation with Authorities: Individuals adhering to omertà must refuse to provide information or testify to law enforcement officials. Cooperation with the police or government is seen as a betrayal.

2. Self-Reliance

• Handling Matters Internally: Problems, disputes, and conflicts are to be resolved within the community or organization without involving external authorities. This reinforces the group's autonomy and control.
• Personal Responsibility: Members are expected to take responsibility for their actions and deal with the consequences internally, without seeking external help.

3. Loyalty

• Unwavering Loyalty: Loyalty to the family, community, or criminal organization is paramount. This loyalty extends to protecting fellow members and their secrets.
• Mutual Protection: Members are expected to protect each other from law enforcement and outside threats. This mutual protection creates a strong bond within the group.

4. Honor and Respect

• Maintaining Honor: Omertà is deeply rooted in the concept of honor. Breaking the code is considered dishonorable and can lead to severe repercussions, including ostracism or violence.
• Respect for Tradition: Respecting and upholding traditional values and customs is essential. This includes adherence to the established rules and norms of the organization or community.

5. Consequences of Betrayal

• Severe Punishments: Violating omertà, such as by providing information to authorities or betraying the organization, can result in severe punishments, including physical harm or death.
• Deterrence: The harsh consequences serve as a deterrent, ensuring that members remain loyal and silent.

Summary

The principles of omertà create a strict code of conduct that emphasizes silence, self-reliance, loyalty, honor, and respect. This code is designed to protect the organization or community from external threats and maintain internal cohesion and control. While these principles can foster strong bonds within the group, they also pose significant challenges for law enforcement and justice.